Impact of Adenoid Vegetations on the Respiratory System in Children

Abstract

Adenoid vegetations are among the most common causes of upper respiratory tract obstruction in children and play a significant role in the development of chronic respiratory disorders during childhood. According to epidemiological data, hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil is observed in approximately 20–40% of children aged between 3 and 10 years, making it one of the most frequent ENT pathologies in pediatric practice. Enlargement of adenoid tissue may lead to nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, sleep disturbances, recurrent respiratory infections, and impaired oxygen exchange. Chronic obstruction of the nasopharynx contributes to functional changes in the respiratory system, including altered ventilation patterns and decreased oxygen saturation.